Sunday, July 5, 2020

Yet Another Positive Review of "The Petersburg Regiment...."

Emil Posey of the Tennessee Valley Civil War Round Table recently penned a very positive review of The Petersburg Regiment in the Civil War: A History of the 12th Virginia Infantry from John Brown's Hanging to Appomattox, 1859-1865.

"This is a great read," writes Mr. Posey. "Enjoy."


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Sunday, June 28, 2020

Another Very Positive Review of "The Petersburg Regiment...."

The Civil War Courier had this very positive review of The Petersburg Regiment in the Civil War: A History of the 12th Virginia Infantry from John Brown's Hanging to Appomattox, 1859-1865.

"...a first rate regimental history and a Civil War book that will appeal to any reader interested in this portion of U.S. history...."


Tuesday, June 16, 2020

"The Petersburg Regiment" Won the 2019 Army Historical Foundation Distinguished Writing Award for Unit History.


"The Petersburg Regiment in the Civil War: A History of the 12th Virginia Infantry from John Brown's Hanging to Appomattox, 1859-1865" won the 2019 Army Historical Foundation Distinguished Writing Award for Unit History. 


Saturday, May 9, 2020

Beware of Taking Shortcuts in Research

National Battlefield Parks have significant resources for researchers.  Nonetheless, researchers must handle material from National Battlefield Parks with care.  The materials are often excerpts from documents which exist in their complete form at other repositories.  Sometimes the whole document says something quite different from the National Battlefield Park excerpt.

Two examples come to mind.

The first involves an excerpt from the writings of George S. Bernard, who was a private in the 12th Virginia Infantry, Mahone's brigade, Anderson's division, Hill's Corps.  He kept diaries and wrote letters throughout the war.  After the war, he compiled, edited and contributed to War Talks of Confederate Veterans (1892).  He was ready to publish its sequel in 1896 but it disappeared until 2004, when it turned up at a flea market, was bought for $50 and sold to the Museum of Western Virginia History for $15,000.  I was one of the co-editors of the book published by the University Press of Virginia in 2012 as Civil War Talks:  Further Reminiscences of George S. Bernard & His Fellow Veterans.

The writing in question lies at a certain National Battlefield Park.  The writing has been cited at least twice since 1998 for the proposition that Bernard on the night of July 2, 1863 heard Lt. Gen. James Longstreet tell Maj. Gen. Richard Heron Anderson that an improvised night attack involving Mahone's brigade should be called off. 

Bernard, however, did not write the piece and was not the witness, though the account was among the papers edited into Civil War Talks.  The witness was the 12th Virginia's adjutant, First Lt. William Evelyn Cameron.  His account of the Gettysburg Campaign is called "Across the Rubicon" and it forms part of Civil War Talks, 155-156.  There is also a copy of it in Cameron's papers at the University of Virginia.

That inaccurate citation is merely embarrassing.  The next is far more substantial.  It also concerns July 2, 1863.

A historian who otherwise writes very well used a quotation from a private in the 22nd Georgia Infantry, Wright's brigade, Anderson's division, to liven up an account of the charge by Wright's brigade up Cemetery Ridge.  This was the charge that Brig. Gen. Ambrose Ransom "Rans" Wright in his official report and in a letter to his wife claimed to have summitted Cemetery Ridge and briefly driven off the Federals.  

The problem is that the complete account of the 22nd Georgia private says that because of illness Wright did not accompany his brigade in its charge up Cemetery Ridge, but that his incomparable adjutant, Capt. Victor Jean Baptiste Girardey, led the brigade's charge.  Worse than that, there are substantial grounds for believing the private, and they are both well known.  First, Wright was admittedly ill earlier that day.  Secondly, Girardey was a superb leader who later led troops to victory on June 23, 1864 as well as on July 30, 1864, for which he won the Confederate army's most extraordinary promotion, four ranks, to brigadier general.  (He perished in command of Wright's brigade August 16, 1864.)  

The historian who used the quotation from the private did not address the additional questions raised by the private's complete account.  The failure to do so calls into question the history's accuracy.

Now of course I may be wrong.  The historian may have had the complete account.  But that situation is even worse.  An historian can't duck an issue such as whether Wright actually led his brigade on July 2, 1863.  If he did not accompany his brigade on the charge, as the private says, Wright's opportunity to observe comes into question.  Instead of talking to General Lee himself, Wright ought to have had Girardey report to Lee.

UPDATE:  It's worse than I thought.  Another major historian has made the same error with the 22nd Georgia private's statement.

Names have been omitted to protect the guilty  

 


Wednesday, April 29, 2020

Handy Unit Histories

Everyone interested in the Civil War should write a unit history, whether of a battery or a brigade, a company or a corps.  They give the writer a fund of knowledge that assists in testing the accuracy of more general works.  You'll be amazed by what you can find.  I discovered some remarkable facts when I wrote The Petersburg Regiment in the Civil War:  A History of the 12th Virginia Infantry from John Brown's Hanging to Appomattox, 1859-1865 (Savas Beatie, 2019).  For example, you'd never guess who was considered for the regiment's first colonel. 

The sad fate of many unit histories is to wind up as reference books.  I would not be surprised The Petersburg Regiment ended up as a reference book, though I think the regiment's soldiers wrote so much that the book merits reading for their sake. 

I'm just finishing a short article on Mahone's brigade at Gettysburg on July 2, 1863 (the Petersburg Regiment belonged to Mahone's brigade) and found two unit histories particularly helpful.



The first was Red Clay to Richmond:  Trail of the 35th Georgia Infantry Regiment, C.S.A. (Winchester, VA:  Angle Valley Press, 2004), by John J. Fox, III.  The 35th Georgia belonged to Thomas' brigade of Pender's division.  Mahone's brigade was partially masked by Thomas' brigade.  Red Clay to Richmond alerted me to the abandoned preparations for a night attack around dark on July 2, 1863, about the same time as Mahone's brigade was belatedly advancing in support of Wilcox's, Lang's and Wright's brigades of Anderson's division.  Fox has also written an excellent history of the battle of Fort Gregg, April 2, 1865, The Confederate Alamo (2010).


The second helpful unit history was A Small but Spartan Band:  The Florida Brigade in Lee's Army of Northern Virginia (University of Alabama Press, 2010), by Zack C. Waters and James D. Edmonds.  This book clued me in to the actual chain of command on July 2, 1863.  I had assumed, as many other historians have, that Longstreet had control of Anderson's division that day, but no.  Waters and Edmonds provide the evidence that A. P. Hill was still in the chain of command.  A Small but Spartan Band also provided an example of the criticism from the ranks that Mahone's brigade took because of its apparent failure to come to the support of Wilcox's, Lang's and Wright's brigades.  (Lang led the Florida Brigade on July 2, 1863.)


Sunday, April 19, 2020

"[O]ne of the most important new books on the war to come out in the last decade:" A Very Positive Review of "Civil War Talks: Further Reminiscences of George S. Bernard & His Fellow Veterans"

Here's a link to a very positive review of Hampton Newsome, John Horn and John Selby, Civil War Talks: Further Reminiscences of George S. Bernard & His Fellow Veterans (Charlottesville, VA: University Press of Virginia, 2012).  The review is by Brett Schulte in his splendid blog, "The Siege of Petersburg Online."  Brett calls Civil War Talks "one of the most important new books on the war to come out in the last decade."  Civil War Talks is the sequel to George S. Bernard, ed., War Talks of Confederate Veterans (Petersburg, VA: Fenn & Owen, 1892).  Civil War Talks was ready for publication in 1896 but disappeared.  It turned up in 2004 at a flea market, was purchased for $50 and sold to the Museum of Western Virginia History for $15,000.  Here's the link.